Protein Modification Ontology (MOD)

Name: Protein Modification Ontology (MOD)
Published: 2026-11-13T13:50:45.374984Z

Selected English labels and exact synonyms from the Protein Modification Ontology (MOD), retrieved 2026-11-07, with source identifiers and spelling preserved. Licensed CC BY 4.0; full attribution is listed under Sources. Under semantic review; not endorsed by the ontology's maintainers.

Curator: Oliver Bennett

Languages shown reflect this page; source translations may cover only some concepts.

English
(2S)-6-amino-2-([(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino)hexanoic acidUnrated 5-glutamyl N2-lysineUnrated alpha-(gamma-glutamyl)lysineUnrated gamma-glutamyl N2-lysineUnrated MOD_RES 5-glutamyl N2-lysineUnrated N2-(gamma-glutamyl)lysineUnrated N2-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-lysineUnrated
iTRAQ8plex reporter+balance reagent acylated residueUnrated
(2S)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acidUnrated (2S)-4-hydroxyleucineUnrated gamma-hydroxyleucineUnrated MOD_RES (2S)-4-hydroxyleucineUnrated
residue modified by radical hydroxylationUnrated
(2S,3aR,8aS)-3a-[(2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-yl]-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylic acidUnrated 3'-farnesyl-2',3'-dihydro-2',N2-cyclo-L-tryptophanUnrated LIPID 3'-farnesyl-2',N2-cyclotryptophanUnrated
(2S)-3-[5-[4-(2-carboxy)ethyl-3-carboxymethyl-1-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl-4-(2-carboxy)ethyl-3-carboxymethyl-1-pyrrol-2-yl]methylthio-2-aminopropanoic acidUnrated 3-[5-(3-acetic acid-4-propanoic acid-1-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl-3-acetic acid-4-propanoic acid-1-pyrrol-2-yl]methylthio-2-aminopropanoic acidUnrated dipyrrole cofactorUnrated dipyrrolylmethanemethyl-L-cysteineUnrated dipyrrolylmethyl-L-cysteineUnrated dipyrromethane cofactorUnrated MOD_RES S-(dipyrrolylmethanemethyl)cysteineUnrated pyrromethane cofactorUnrated
CARBOHYD N-linked (GlcNAc) asparagineUnrated N4GlcNAcAsnUnrated N4-(N-acetylamino)glucosyl-L-asparagineUnrated
(3,6-dioxopyrrolo[4,5-a]piperazin-2-yl)methyl cysteinateUnrated [(3S,8aS)-1,4-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl]methyl (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoateUnrated cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinateUnrated cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinate (Cys-Pro-Ser cross-link)Unrated MOD_RES Cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinateUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-121 reporter+balance reagent O4'-acylated tyrosineUnrated
2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinoneUnrated (2S)-2-amino-3-(5-hydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadien-1,4-dion-2-yl)propanoic acidUnrated 5-(2-carboxy-2-aminoethyl)-2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinoneUnrated L-2,4,5-TOPAquinoneUnrated L-2',4',5'-topaquinoneUnrated MOD_RES 2',4',5'-topaquinoneUnrated TopaQUnrated TPQUnrated
HMP (hydroxymethylphenyl)/TFA adductUnrated
benzyloxycarbonyl modified residueUnrated ZUnrated
2-azanyl-3-[(2-azanyl-2-carboxyethyl)sulfanyl]butanoic acidUnrated (2R,3R)-2-amino-3-([(2R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanyl)butanoic acidUnrated (2R,3R,2'R)-2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)thio]butanoic acidUnrated (2R,3R,2'R)-3-methyllanthionineUnrated (2R,3R,6R)-2,6-diamino-3-methyl-4-thiaheptanedioic acidUnrated (2R,3R,6R)-3-methyllanthionineUnrated 3-methyl-L,L-lanthionineUnrated cysteine-3-L-butyrine thioetherUnrated
crosslinked L-tryptophan residueUnrated XlnkTrpUnrated
alpha-amino 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylated residueUnrated
(2S)-2-amino-6-(chloroamino)hexanoic acidUnrated epsilon-chlorolysineUnrated lysine chloramineUnrated N6-chloro-L-lysineUnrated N6ClLysUnrated N(zeta)-chlorolysineUnrated
2'-(L-cystein-S-yl)-L-histidineUnrated (2R)-2-amino-3-[(4-[(2S)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]-1H-imidazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]propanoic acidUnrated (2S)-2-amino-3-[2-([(2R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]propanoic acidUnrated 2'-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-histidineUnrated CROSSLNK 2'-(S-cysteinyl)-histidine (Cys-His)Unrated S-(2-histidyl)- (crosslinked to cysteine)Unrated S-(2'-histidyl)cysteineUnrated XLNK-SCys-2'HisUnrated
2,3-didehydrobutyrineUnrated (2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoic acidUnrated 3-methyldehydroalanineUnrated alpha,beta-dehydroaminobutyric acidUnrated anhydrothreonineUnrated Dehydroamino butyric acidUnrated DhbUnrated methyl-dehydroalanineUnrated MOD_RES (Z)-2,3-didehydrobutyrineUnrated (Z)-2-amino-2-butenoic acidUnrated (Z)-2-aminobutenoic acidUnrated (Z)-dehydrobutyrineUnrated (Z)-dehydrobutyrine (Thr)Unrated (Z)dHAbuUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ4plex-114 reporter+balance reagent N'-acylated histidineUnrated
D-ResUnrated stereoisomerized residueUnrated
2x(18)O labeled deamidated residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-121 reporter+balance reagent O3-acylated threonineUnrated
quaternary amine labeling reagent heavy form (+3amu) (N-term & K)Unrated
protonated L-proline (L-prolinium) residueUnrated
dHexHexNAcNUnrated HexNAc1dHex1 N4-glycosylated asparagineUnrated
(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfonyl)butanoic acidUnrated L-methionine S,S-dioxideUnrated L-methionine sulfoneUnrated MethionylSulphoneUnrated MetO2Unrated MOD_RES Methionine sulfoneUnrated Oxidation of Methionine (to Sulphone)Unrated S,S-dioxymethionineUnrated suphonemUnrated
protonated glycine (glycinium) residueUnrated
TFAUnrated trifluoroacetylated residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-121 reporter+balance reagent N6-acylated lysineUnrated
2-bromobenzyloxycarbonylUnrated BrZUnrated
sulfur dioxygenated residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-114 reporter+balance reagent acylated N-terminalUnrated
benzoyl labeling reagent light form - site KUnrated
2,3-didehydroalanineUnrated 2-aminoacrylic acidUnrated 2-aminopropenoic acidUnrated 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one (MIO) active siteUnrated anhydroserineUnrated dehydroalanineUnrated DhaUnrated dHAlaUnrated MOD_RES 2,3-didehydroalanine (Cys)Unrated MOD_RES 2,3-didehydroalanine (Ser)Unrated
Cys6Ser-[8Fe7S]Unrated hexakis-L-cysteinyl L-serinyl octairon heptasulfideUnrated METAL Iron-sulfur (8Fe-7S)Unrated nitrogenase P-clusterUnrated
(2R,6S)-2-(N-mureinyl-(R)-alanyl-(S)-isoglutamyl)amino-6-(threonyl-pentaglycyl)amino-pimeloyl-(S)-alanyl-(S)-alanineUnrated L-threonyl-pentaglycyl-murein peptidoglycanUnrated MOD_RES Pentaglycyl murein peptidoglycan amidated threonineUnrated
O4'-thiophospho-L-tyrosineUnrated
D-serineUnrated D-serine (Cys)Unrated MOD_RES D-serine (Cys)Unrated (R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acidUnrated
AcAsnUnrated N-acetyl-L-asparagineUnrated
(10S,11S)-[7,12-bis((S)-1-[((R)-2-amino-2-carboxy)ethylsulfanyl]ethyl)-10-(2-hydroxy-5-[(S)-2-amino-2-carboxy]ethylphenyl)-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-10,11-dihydroporphine-2,18-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-N21,N22,N23,N24]-ferrateUnrated BINDING Heme (covalent; via 3 links)Unrated bis(S-cysteinyl)-(tyros-3'-yl)-hemeUnrated heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-tyrosineUnrated
(2S)-2-amino-3-(beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl)propanoic acidUnrated CARBOHYD O-linked (GlcA) serineUnrated O3-D-glucuronosyl-L-serineUnrated O-D-glucuronosyl-L-serineUnrated
2-amino-3-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenylthio)propanoic acidUnrated (2R)-2-amino-3-([(2E,6E,10Z)-12-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trien-1-yl]sulfanyl)propanoic acidUnrated geranylgeranylcUnrated LIPID S-geranylgeranyl cysteineUnrated S-geranylgeranylUnrated S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteineUnrated SGergerCysUnrated
HyArgUnrated hydroxylated arginineUnrated
2-azanylbutanedioic acidUnrated (2R)-2-aminobutanedioic acidUnrated aminosuccinic acidUnrated D-aspartic acidUnrated D-aspartic acid (Asn)Unrated
ModAsnUnrated modified L-asparagine residueUnrated
nipcamUnrated S-(N-isopropylcarboxamidomethyl)-L-cysteineUnrated
L-selenocysteine (Ser)Unrated Sec(Ser)Unrated Selenocysteine (from Serine)Unrated
MOD_RES N,N-dimethylalanineUnrated NMe2AlaUnrated N,N-dimethylalanineUnrated N,N-dimethyl-L-alanineUnrated (S)-1-carboxy-N,N-dimethylaminoethaneUnrated (S)-2-(dimethylamino)propanoic acidUnrated
1-thioglycine (C-terminal)Unrated
dihydroxyfUnrated dihydroxyphenylalanine (Phe)Unrated
(3,6-dioxopyrrolo[4,5-a]piperazin-2-yl)methyl cysteinateUnrated [(3S,8aS)-1,4-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl]methyl (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoateUnrated cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinateUnrated cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinate (Cys)Unrated MOD_RES Cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinateUnrated
N-methylmaleimide derivatized residueUnrated
LIPID S-myristoyl cysteineUnrated (R)-2-amino-3-(tetradecanoylsulfanyl)propanoic acidUnrated S-(C14:1 aliphatic acyl)cysteineUnrated SMyrCysUnrated S-myristoylated L-cysteineUnrated S-myristoyl-L-cysteineUnrated tetradecanoate cysteine thioesterUnrated
GlcNAcUnrated N-acetylaminoglucosylated residueUnrated
HexNAcAsnUnrated hexNAcNUnrated N4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-hexopyranosyl)-L-asparagineUnrated N4-(2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-beta-D-hexopyranosyl)-L-asparagineUnrated N4-asparagine-beta-N-acetylhexosaminideUnrated N4-glycosylasparagineUnrated N4-glycosyl-L-asparagineUnrated N4HexNAcAsnUnrated N4-(N-acetylamino)hexosyl-L-asparagineUnrated N4-(N-acetylhexosaminyl)asparagineUnrated (S)-2-amino-4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-hexopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acidUnrated
L-sarcosineUnrated methylaminoacetic acidUnrated methylaminoethanoic acidUnrated MOD_RES N-methylglycineUnrated NMe1GlyUnrated N-methylated glycineUnrated N-methylglycineUnrated SarUnrated SarcosineUnrated SarcosylUnrated
1-amino-4-{[3-(ethenylsulfonyl)phenyl]amino}-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-sulfonateUnrated 1-amino-9,10-dioxo-4-{[3-(vinylsulfonyl)phenyl]amino}-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-sulfonateUnrated N6UniblueALysUnrated Uniblue AUnrated Uniblue A derivatized lysineUnrated
L-glutamyl-5-poly(ADP-ribose)Unrated L-isoglutamyl-poly(ADP-ribose)Unrated MOD_RES PolyADP-ribosyl glutamic acidUnrated O-ADP-ribosylation (on Glutamate or C terminus)Unrated (S)-2-amino-5-poly[2'-adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) 5'->5'-ester with 1alpha-D-ribofuranosyl]oxy-5-oxopentanoic acidUnrated
metal or metal cluster coordinated L-methionine residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ116KUnrated iTRAQ4plex-116 reporter+balance reagent N6-acylated lysineUnrated
9x(13)C labeled L-phenylalanineUnrated
thiophosphate labeled with biotin-HPDP -site TUnrated
oxidized proline biotinylated with biotin hydrazideUnrated
oxidation of disulfide crosslink in cystine to two cysteic acidsUnrated
crosslinked L-serine residueUnrated XlnkSerUnrated
(2S)-2-amino-3-[(2-acetamido-4-glycerylamino-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]propanoic acidUnrated CARBOHYD O-linked (GATDGlc) serineUnrated GATDHUnrated O-(2-acetamido-4-glyceramido-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucopyranosyl)-L-serineUnrated O-(2-acetamido-4-glyceramido-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucosyl)-L-serineUnrated O-(N2-acetyl-N4-glycerylbacillosaminyl)-L-serineUnrated
(2S)-2-methylamino-3-phenylpropanoic acidUnrated MOD_RES N-methylphenylalanineUnrated NMe1PheUnrated N-methylated L-phenylalanineUnrated N-methyl-L-phenylalanineUnrated N-methylphenylalanineUnrated
carbamoylated residueUnrated CarbamylationUnrated
N1'-formyl-L-tryptophanUnrated N1'FoTrpUnrated
alpha-carbon thioether crosslinked residuesUnrated
deuterium monosubstituted residueUnrated D(H)1ResUnrated
N6-[4-([4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl)benzenesulfonyl]lysineUnrated N6-Dabsyl derivatized lysineUnrated N6DabsylLysUnrated
phenyl isocyanate derivatized residueUnrated
N2Me3AlaUnrated N,N,N-trimethyl-L-alanine (from L-alaninium)Unrated
gamma-glutamyl semialdehydeUnrated glutamyl 5-semialdehydeUnrated glutamyl aldehydeUnrated glutamyl semialdehyde (Glu)Unrated
(2S)-2-amino-6-[(4-aminobutyl)amino]hexanoic acidUnrated deoxyhypusineUnrated L-deoxyhypusineUnrated MOD_RES DeoxyhypusineUnrated N6-(4-aminobutyl)lysineUnrated
menadione quinone derivativeUnrated
misincorporation of norleucine for methionineUnrated
(2S)-2-(3-carboxypropanoyl)amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acidUnrated (2S)-2-amino-(6,7-dihydro-6,7-dioxo-1H-indole)-3-propanoic acidUnrated MOD_RES N2-succinyltryptophanUnrated N2-succinyl-L-tryptophanUnrated
modified residue with a secondary neutral lossUnrated NLModResUnrated
2-hexadecanamido-3-sulfanylpropanoic acidUnrated 2-hexadecanoylamino-3-mercaptopropanoic acidUnrated (2R)-2-hexadecanoylamino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acidUnrated LIPID N-palmitoyl cysteineUnrated N-(1-oxahexadecyl)-L-cysteineUnrated N-hexadecanoylated L-cysteineUnrated N-palmitoylated L-cysteineUnrated N-palmitoyl-L-cysteineUnrated NPamCysUnrated
D-Ala(Ala)Unrated D-alanineUnrated D-alanine (Ala)Unrated MOD_RES D-alanine (Ala)Unrated (R)-2-aminopropanoic acidUnrated
N-cervonoylated residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-116 reporter+balance reagent O4'-acylated tyrosineUnrated
(2S,3aR,8aS)-3a-[(2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylic acidUnrated (2S,3R)-3-geranyl-2,3-dihydro-2,N(alpha)-cyclo-L-tryptophanUnrated 3'Ger2'N2cycTrpUnrated 3'-geranyl-2',3'-dihydro-2',N2-cyclo-L-tryptophanUnrated LIPID 3'-geranyl-2',N2-cyclotryptophanUnrated
(2S)-2-amino-3-(alpha-D-mannopyranosyloxy)propanoic acidUnrated CARBOHYD O-linked (Hex)Unrated CARBOHYD O-linked (Man) serineUnrated O3-mannosylserineUnrated O-glycosylserineUnrated O-mannopyranosylserineUnrated O-mannosyl-L-serineUnrated OManSerUnrated
crotonylated residueUnrated
modified L-threonine residueUnrated ModThrUnrated
1,7-biscarbonyl-1-(cystein-S-yl)-8-oxo-4-aza-2lambda(3),6 lambda(3)-dithia-1,7-diferratricyclo[4.2.0.0(2,7)]octane-1,7-dicarbonitrileUnrated L-cysteinyl hydrogenase diiron subclusterUnrated METAL Diiron subclusterUnrated mu-carbonyl-dicarbonyl-1kappaC,2kappaC-dicyanido-1kappaC,2kappaC-cysteinato-1kS-1,2-azadimethanthiol-1kS,2kS'-diironUnrated
2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid 4'-phosphateUnrated 2-azanyl-3-(4-phosphonooxyphenyl)propanoic acidUnrated (2S)-2-amino-3-(4-phosphonooxyphenyl)propanoic acidUnrated MOD_RES PhosphotyrosineUnrated O4'-phospho-L-tyrosineUnrated O4'-phosphorylated L-tyrosineUnrated O4-phosphotyrosineUnrated OPTyrUnrated phosphorylationyUnrated Phospho TyrosinylUnrated tyrosine phosphateUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-116 reporter+balance reagent acylated N-terminalUnrated
his2asnhUnrated L-asparagine (His)Unrated
Shimadzu 12CNBSUnrated
hexose glycated N-terminalUnrated
iodoacetamide derivatized residueUnrated
2-amino-2-carboxyethanesulfinic acidUnrated 2-amino-3-(dioxido-lambda(6)-sulfanyl)propanoic acid [tautomer]Unrated 2-amino-3-sulfonylpropanoic acid [tautomer]Unrated (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfinopropanoic acidUnrated 3-sulfinoalanineUnrated 3-sulphinoalanineUnrated CysO2HUnrated cysteine-S,S-dioxide [tautomer]Unrated cysteine sulphinic acidUnrated L-cysteine sulfinic acidUnrated MOD_RES Cysteine sulfinic acid (-SO2H)Unrated S-cysteinesulfinic acidUnrated S-sulfinocysteineUnrated sulfinicacidUnrated
2-aminobutanedioic 4-phosphoric anhydrideUnrated 2-azanyl-4-oxo-4-(phosphonooxy)butanoic acidUnrated (2S)-2-amino-4-oxo-4-(phosphonooxy)butanoic acidUnrated 4-oxo-O-phosphono-L-homoserineUnrated 4-phosphoaspartic acidUnrated 4-phosphorylated L-aspartatic acidUnrated ACT_SITE 4-aspartylphosphate intermediateUnrated beta-aspartyl phosphateUnrated L-aspartic 4-phosphoric anhydrideUnrated MOD_RES 4-aspartylphosphateUnrated PAspUnrated
PECysUnrated Pyridylethyl CystenylUnrated S-pyridinylethyl-L-cysteineUnrated spyridylethylcUnrated S-pyridylethyl-L-cysteineUnrated vinylpyridine derivatized cysteine residueUnrated
GalNAcUnrated N-acetylaminogalactosylated residueUnrated N-acetylhexosamines (GalNAc, GlcNAc)Unrated
oxidized threonine biotinylated with biotin hydrazideUnrated

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