Protein Modification Ontology (MOD)

Name: Protein Modification Ontology (MOD)
Published: 2026-11-13T13:50:45.374984Z

Selected English labels and exact synonyms from the Protein Modification Ontology (MOD), retrieved 2026-11-07, with source identifiers and spelling preserved. Licensed CC BY 4.0; full attribution is listed under Sources. Under semantic review; not endorsed by the ontology's maintainers.

Curator: Oliver Bennett

Languages shown reflect this page; source translations may cover only some concepts.

English
1-acetylprolineUnrated (2S)-1-acetyl-2-pyrrolidinecarboxylic acidUnrated acetylprolineUnrated MOD_RES N-acetylprolineUnrated N-acetylated L-prolineUnrated N-acetyl-L-prolineUnrated N-acetylprolineUnrated NAcProUnrated
2-[1-aminoethyl]-1-carboxymethyl-1-imidazolin-5-oneUnrated (2-[(1S)-1-aminoethyl]-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)acetic acidUnrated 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one active siteUnrated alanyl-5-imidazolinone glycineUnrated CROSSLNK 5-imidazolinone (Ala-Gly)Unrated L-alanine 5-imidazolinone glycineUnrated para-hydroxybenzylidene-imidazolidinone chromophoreUnrated XLNK-1Ala-NGly(Imidazole)Unrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-118 reporter+balance reagent O4'-acylated tyrosineUnrated
decanoylated residueUnrated DecResUnrated
neddylated lysineUnrated
S-(cysteinyl-glycyl)-L-cysteineUnrated
METAL Iron-sulfur (4Fe-4S-S-AdoMet)Unrated tetra-mu3-sulfido(S-adenosylmethion-N,O-diyliron)tris(S-cysteinyliron)Unrated tris-L-cysteinyl S-adenosylmethion-N,O-diyl tetrairon tetrasulfideUnrated
disulfide crosslinked residuesUnrated
oxidized residueUnrated OxResUnrated
2-(3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-2-yl)-1-carboxymethyl-1-imidazolin-5-oneUnrated 2-(tetrahydropyrid-2-yl)-5-imidazolinone glycineUnrated 2-tetrahydropyridinyl-5-imidazolinone glycineUnrated [5-oxo-2-(3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl]acetic acidUnrated CROSSLNK 2-tetrahydro-2-pyridyl-5-imidazolinone (Lys-Gly)Unrated para-hydroxybenzylidene-imidazolidinone chromophoreUnrated Zoanthus sp. fluorescent protein zFP538 chromophoreUnrated
5'phos AdenosinylUnrated adenylated residueUnrated
2-(1-azanyl-2-sulfanylethyl)-4-oxazolecarboxylic acidUnrated 2-[(1R)-1-amino-2-sulfanylethyl]-1,3-oxazole-4-carboxylic acidUnrated CROSSLNK Oxazole-4-carboxylic acid (Cys-Ser)Unrated L-cysteine oxazole-4-carboxylic acidUnrated
HexNAcResUnrated N-acetylaminohexosylated residueUnrated
copper(1+) L-aspartateUnrated cuprous saltUnrated
biantennary N4-glycosylated asparagineUnrated
2-(2-aminosuccinimidyl)-3-sulfanylpropanoic acidUnrated 2-(2-aminosuccinimidyl)-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid (Asn)Unrated (2R)-2-[(3S)-3-amino-2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-sulfanylpropanoic acidUnrated aspartimide cysteineUnrated
modified L-phenylalanine residueUnrated ModPheUnrated
2-azanyl-6-[(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylcarbonyl]azanylhexanoic acidUnrated (2S)-2-amino-6-[(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylcarbonyl]aminohexanoic acidUnrated L-pyrrolysineUnrated L-pyrrolysine (Lys)Unrated monomethylamine methyltransferase cofactor lysine adductUnrated N6-([(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-yl]carbonyl)-L-lysineUnrated N6-(4-methyl-1,2-didehydropyrrolidine-5-carboxyl)-L-lysineUnrated N6-(4-methyl-delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxyl)-L-lysineUnrated NON_STD PyrrolysineUnrated Pyl(Lys)Unrated
(2S)-2-amino-5-([(1S,2R)-1-amino-1-carboxypropan-2-yl]oxy)-5-oxopentanoic acidUnrated (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-([(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanoyl]oxy)-propanoic acidUnrated 5-(threon-O3-yl)glutamateUnrated O3-(isoglutamyl)threonineUnrated O(beta)-(gamma-glutamyl)threonineUnrated O-(L-isoglutamyl)-L-threonineUnrated
(3,6-dioxopyrrolo[4,5-a]piperazin-2-yl)methyl cysteinateUnrated [(3S,8aS)-1,4-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-yl]methyl (2R)-2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoateUnrated cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinateUnrated MOD_RES Cyclo[(prolylserin)-O-yl] cysteinateUnrated
2-(acetylamino)pentanedioic acidUnrated 2-(acetylazanyl)pentanedioic acidUnrated (2S)-2-(acetamido)pentanedioic acidUnrated acetylglutamic acidUnrated AcGluUnrated MOD_RES N-acetylglutamateUnrated N-acetylated L-glutamic acidUnrated N-acetyl-L-glutamic acidUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-117 reporter+balance reagent acylated N-terminalUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ114ntermUnrated iTRAQ4plex-114 reporter+balance reagent acylated N-terminalUnrated
thiocresylUnrated
ADPRibArgUnrated MOD_RES ADP-ribosylarginineUnrated N-(ADP-ribosyl)- (on Arginine)Unrated N(omega)-[alpha-D-ribofuranoside 5'->5'-ester with adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate)]-L-arginineUnrated N(omega)-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl-L-arginine 5'->5'-ester with adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate)Unrated omega-N-(ADP-ribosyl)-L-arginineUnrated (S)-2-amino-5-([imino([adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) 5'->5'-ester with alpha-D-ribofuranosyl]amino)methyl]amino)pentanoic acidUnrated
crosslinked L-phenylalanine residueUnrated XlnkPheUnrated
2,6-dimethyl-1-methylidenepiperidiniumUnrated TMT6plex-131 reporter fragmentUnrated
protein modification categorized by amino acid modifiedUnrated
phosphorylated residue with neutral loss of phosphateUnrated
3-nitro-2-pyridinesulfenylUnrated NpysUnrated
(2S,3S,7R)-2,7-diamino-4-carboxy-5-thiaoctanedioic acidUnrated (2S,4S)-2-amino-4-[(R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanylpentanedioic acidUnrated 4-(L-cystein-S-yl)-L-glutamic acidUnrated 4-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-glutamic acidUnrated CROSSLNK 4-cysteinyl-glutamic acid (Cys-Glu)Unrated
2-(L-cystein-S-yl)-L-serineUnrated (2R)-2-amino-2-([(2R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]sulfanyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acidUnrated (2R,5R)-2,5-diamino-5-carboxy-6-hydroxy-4-thiahexanoic acidUnrated
HResUnrated hydrogenated residueUnrated
CARBOHYD O-linked (Gal) hydroxylysineUnrated O5-galactosyl-L-hydroxylysineUnrated OGal5HyLysUnrated
chlorinated tyrosineUnrated ClTyrUnrated
2-(dihydroxymethyl)glycineUnrated 3,3-dihydroxyalanineUnrated 3,3-dihydroxy-L-alanineUnrated 3-hydroxy-L-serineUnrated 3-oxoalanine hydrateUnrated L-3,3-dihydroxyoalanine (Ser)Unrated (S)-2-amino-3,3-dihydroxypropanoic acidUnrated
(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-((Z)-9-hexadecenoyloxy)butanoic acidUnrated L-threonine cis-9-hexadecenoate esterUnrated mod188Unrated O3-palmitoleyl-threonineUnrated O-palmitoleylated L-threonineUnrated O-palmitoleyl-L-threonineUnrated
DeltaMassUnrated
2-hydroxyprolineUnrated 2-oxidanylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidUnrated (2R)-2-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidUnrated alpha-hydroxyprolineUnrated MOD_RES 2-hydroxyprolineUnrated
(2R)-2-amino-3-(D-galactopyranosylsulfanyl)propanoic acidUnrated CARBOHYD S-linked (Gal) cysteineUnrated S-(beta-D-galactopyranosyl)cysteineUnrated S-galactosyl-L-cysteineUnrated SGalCysUnrated S-glycosyl-cysteineUnrated
(2R,2'R)-3,3'-pentasulfane-1,5-diylbis(2-aminopropanoic acid)Unrated 3,3'-pentathiobisalanineUnrated bis(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)pentasulfideUnrated trithiocystineUnrated
(1S)-1-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)propanaminiumUnrated (1S)-1-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(methylsulfanyl)propanazaniumUnrated 2-trimethylammonio-4-(methylthio)butanoic acidUnrated MOD_RES N,N,N-trimethylmethionineUnrated N2Me3+MetUnrated N,N,N-trimethyl-L-methionineUnrated N,N,N-trimethylmethionine cationUnrated N,N,N-trimethylmethioniniumUnrated
HexNAc2dHex2 N4-glycosylated asparagineUnrated
5-imidazolinone ring crosslinked residuesUnrated
Hex1HexNAc1NeuAc2 glycosylated residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-116 reporter+balance reagent N'-acylated histidineUnrated
2-[(12R)-12-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acidUnrated LIPID N-[(12R)-12-hydroxymyristoyl]cysteineUnrated N-[(12R)-12-hydroxymyristoyl]-L-cysteineUnrated N-[(12R)-12-hydroxytetradecanoyl]cysteineUnrated
2-azanyl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acidUnrated (2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acidUnrated alpha-amino-beta-(3-indolyl)propionoic acidUnrated beta(3-indolyl)alanineUnrated L-tryptophanUnrated L-tryptophan residueUnrated TrpUnrated
sulfur monooxygenated residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-117 reporter+balance reagent N6-acylated lysineUnrated
crosslinked L-proline residueUnrated XlnkProUnrated
benzyl (Bzl) and benzyl ester (OBzl) modified residueUnrated
(79)Br labeled 3'-bromotyrosineUnrated
2-OxohistidineUnrated
N2-formyl-L-tryptophanUnrated N2FoTrpUnrated
NeuGcUnrated N-glycolneuraminic acidUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-118 reporter+balance reagent N6-acylated lysineUnrated
K1ResUnrated monopotassium saltUnrated
IMID d0Unrated
(2S)-2-amino-3-([(Z)-2-aminoethenyl]sulfanyl)propanoic acidUnrated S-(2-aminovinyl)-D-cysteineUnrated (S,Z)-S-(2-aminovinyl)cysteineUnrated
octanoylated residueUnrated OctResUnrated
N'-[4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl] derivatized histidineUnrated
(2R)-2-amino-3-([(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]sulfanyl)propanoic acidUnrated alanine cysteine thioesterUnrated CROSSLNK Alanyl cysteine thioester (Cys-Ala)Unrated S-(2-aminopropanoyl)cysteineUnrated S-(L-alanyl)-L-cysteineUnrated XLNK1AlaSCysUnrated
bis-((N-iodoacetyl)piperazinyl)sulfonerhodamineUnrated bis-N-I-sulfonerahodamineUnrated
FoResUnrated formylated residueUnrated Formylation (CHO)Unrated
2-oxopropanoic acidUnrated MOD_RES Pyruvic acid (Ser)Unrated PyruvateUnrated pyruvic acidUnrated pyruvic acid (Ser)Unrated Pyruvoyl- (Serine)Unrated
(4S)-3-[(1R)-1-(((2R)-2-amino-2-carboxy)ethylsulfanyl)ethyl]-8,12-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-18-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-(21H,22H,24H)-biladiene-bc-1,19-dioneUnrated BINDING Phycoviolobilin chromophore (covalent; via 1 link)Unrated cryptobiliviolinUnrated cryptoviolinUnrated cryptoviolobilinUnrated PBVUnrated PVBUnrated PXBUnrated S-phycobiliviolin-L-cysteineUnrated S-phycoviolobilin-L-cysteineUnrated
2-azanyl-6-[(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylcarbonyl]azanylhexanoic acidUnrated (2S)-2-amino-6-[(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ylcarbonyl]aminohexanoic acidUnrated L-pyrrolysineUnrated L-pyrrolysine residueUnrated monomethylamine methyltransferase cofactor lysine adductUnrated N6-([(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-yl]carbonyl)-L-lysineUnrated N6-(4-methyl-1,2-didehydropyrrolidine-5-carboxyl)-L-lysineUnrated N6-(4-methyl-delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxyl)-L-lysineUnrated NON_STD PyrrolysineUnrated PylUnrated
myristoylation-4H (two double bonds)Unrated N-(C14:2 aliphatic acyl)glycineUnrated N-(cis,cis-delta 5,delta 8)-tetradecadienoylglycineUnrated ntermpepmyristoyl4hgUnrated
hydroxylated residueUnrated Hydroxylation (of delta C of Lysine, beta C of Tryptophan, C3 or C4 of Proline, beta C of Aspartate)Unrated HyResUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-118 reporter+balance reagent acylated residueUnrated
MeResUnrated methylated residueUnrated Methylation (N terminus, N epsilon of Lysine, O of Serine, Threonine or C terminus, N of Asparagine)Unrated
natural, standard, encoded residue removalUnrated
O3-acylated L-threonineUnrated
2-(12-oxotetradecanoyl)amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acidUnrated LIPID N-(12-oxomyristoyl)cysteineUnrated N-(12-ketomyristoyl)-L-cysteineUnrated N-(12-oxotetradecanoyl)cysteineUnrated
N-linked glycan core N4-glycosylated asparagineUnrated
GPISerUnrated LIPID GPI-anchor amidated serineUnrated N-seryl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamineUnrated
protein modification categorized by chemical processUnrated
StBuUnrated t-butylsulfenylUnrated
lysine epsilon amino to imine + 12 amuUnrated N6-(methylidene)-lysineUnrated
(2S,4Xi)-2-amino-4-hydroxypentanedioic acidUnrated 4-hydroxy-L-glutamic acidUnrated gamma-hydroxy glutaminic acidUnrated MOD_RES 4-hydroxyglutamateUnrated threo-4-hydroxy-L-glutamic acidUnrated
MOD_RES N6-glutaryllysineUnrated N6-glutaryl-L-lysineUnrated
2-amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-4-hydroxypentanoic acid [tautomer]Unrated 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)-4-hydroxypentanoic acid [tautomer]Unrated 2-amino-5-guanidino-4-hydroxypentanoic acidUnrated (2S,4Xi)-2-amino-5-[(diaminomethylidene)amino]-4-hydroxypentanoic acidUnrated 4HyArgUnrated 4-hydroxy-L-arginineUnrated 4-hydroxylated L-arginineUnrated C(gamma)-hydroxyarginineUnrated gamma-hydroxyarginineUnrated MOD_RES 4-hydroxyarginineUnrated
ESP-Tag heavy d10 - site KUnrated
APTA d3Unrated
iodouridine monophosphate derivatized residueUnrated
(2S)-2-amino-5-[(imino(methylamino)methyl)amino]pentanoic acidUnrated MOD_RES Omega-N-methylarginineUnrated MOD_RES Omega-N-methylated arginineUnrated NG-methylarginineUnrated NoMeArgUnrated omega-N-methylated L-arginineUnrated omega-N-methyl-L-arginineUnrated
6x(13)C,1x(15)N labeled residueUnrated
(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetylUnrated iTRAQ8plex-113 reporter+balance reagent O4'-acylated tyrosineUnrated
L-asparagine removalUnrated
S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl esterUnrated SFarnOMeCysUnrated
6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate - site KUnrated
N-linoloylated residueUnrated
iTRAQ4plex reporter fragmentUnrated
9x(13)C labeled L-phosphotyrosineUnrated
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-4-[(2S)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]phosphonato-N-(3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfanylethyl)amino]propyl)butanamideUnrated 4'-PhosphopantetheineUnrated MOD_RES O-(pantetheine 4'-phosphoryl)serineUnrated O-phosphopantetheine-L-serineUnrated OPpantSerUnrated
2x(13)C,4x(2)H labeled dimethylated residueUnrated
(2S)-2-[(dihydroxymethyl)amino]-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acidUnrated N-(dihydroxymethyl)-L-methionineUnrated N-(dihydroxymethyl)-L-methionine (fMet)Unrated N-formyl-L-methionine hydrateUnrated N-orthoformylmethionineUnrated
(2S,3R)-2-amino-3-(5'-adenosine phosphonoxy)butanoic acidUnrated 5'-adenylic-O3-L-threonineUnrated ACT_SITE O-AMP-threonine intermediateUnrated beta-5'-adenylic-L-threonineUnrated L-threonine monoanhydride with 5'-adenylic acidUnrated MOD_RES O-AMP-threonineUnrated O3-L-threonine 5'-adenosine phosphodiesterUnrated O3-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-threonineUnrated O(gamma)-5'-adenylic-L-threonineUnrated O-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-threonineUnrated
Me3+ResUnrated trimethylated protonated-residueUnrated

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